The Developmental Aspects of Memory, Infant Visual Attention, and Teenage Behavior

QUESTION

1. One aspect of memory that differs between memories formed before age 3 and those formed after age 5 is that

Group of answer choices

memories from before age 3 are typically just a “flashbulb” of one moment in time.

your memories formed after age 5 are more detailed and more numerous.

you have the same number of memories at both ages, but they are more detailed after age 5.

you have fewer memories before age 3, but they have the same amount of detail.

2. Two-month-old Mitja enjoys watching a mobile that hangs over his crib. Of the various objects on the mobile, which are likely to get more of his attention?

Group of answer choices

red objects, because infants are particularly responsive to this color

gray objects, because these are least frightening to a child

objects with bold black-and-white patterns, because infants find patterns with high contrast to be the most interesting

objects with simple shapes, because infants recognize these more easily

3. Shari, age 17, drives way over the speed limit. Her mother is furious with her and cannot understand why she will not just slow down. Biologically, Shari’s behavior likely arises from

Group of answer choices

simple teenage rebellion.

her biologically based temperamental disposition, which typically develops around this time.

synaptogenesis in the decision-making regions of the brain during this time.

the naturally delayed development of her frontal brain regions.

ANSWER

 The Developmental Aspects of Memory, Infant Visual Attention, and Teenage Behavior

Introduction

This essay explores three aspects of human development related to memory, infant visual attention, and teenage behavior. It delves into the differences in memory formation before and after age 5, factors influencing infant visual attention, and the biological underpinnings of teenage behavior. Understanding these developmental aspects is crucial to gaining insights into human cognition and behavior at different life stages.

Memory Development Before and After Age 5

Memories formed before age 3 and after age 5 display notable differences. According to research, memories before age 3 are typically mere “flashbulbs” of specific moments in time. These memories are often vivid but lack detailed context or chronological sequences. In contrast, memories formed after age 5 tend to be more detailed and numerous. As children grow, their brain structures mature, enabling them to retain and process information more effectively, leading to richer and more elaborate memories.

 Infant Visual Attention and Attraction to Objects

At two months old, infants, like Mitja, are captivated by certain objects. Research suggests that infants are particularly responsive to bold black-and-white patterns with high contrast. These patterns stand out and stimulate their developing visual system. The high contrast aids in their visual perception, as infants’ visual acuity is still developing during this stage. Thus, objects with simple shapes and distinct contrasts are likely to attract more of Mitja’s attention and interest.

Biologically-Based Teenage Behavior

Shari, at age 17, engages in risky driving behavior, which frustrates her mother. This behavior is likely influenced by her biologically based temperamental disposition. During adolescence, the brain undergoes significant synaptogenesis, particularly in the decision-making regions. This heightened neural connectivity often leads to increased risk-taking behaviors in teenagers. The prefrontal cortex, responsible for impulse control and decision-making, also undergoes delayed development, contributing to teenagers’ susceptibility to risky behaviors.

Conclusion

Understanding the developmental aspects of memory, infant visual attention, and teenage behavior provides valuable insights into human cognition and behavior at different life stages. Memories formed before age 3 are often limited to vivid moments, while memories after age 5 become more detailed and numerous due to brain maturation. Infants are attracted to bold black-and-white patterns with high contrast, which stimulate their developing visual system. Meanwhile, teenage risk-taking behaviors may be influenced by their biologically based temperamental disposition and the ongoing synaptic changes in their decision-making brain regions. Recognizing these developmental milestones allows us to better comprehend the complexities of human development and tailor appropriate interventions and support as needed.