Evaluation of Investigation and Trial Procedures in the WM3 Case: Lessons Learned and Areas for Improvement

QUESTION

describe and evaluate the investigation and trial procedures used in the WM3 case (West Memphis Three (WM3), as shown in the Paradise Lost documentary )in relation to the best practices (or known poor practices).In other words, consider the investigation and trial in the WM3 case, what was done well and/or what was done poorly? Some topics to think about are…cognitive biases, interrogation procedures, confessions, eyewitness testimony, etc. Your thoughts should be justified.

ANSWER

 Evaluation of Investigation and Trial Procedures in the WM3 Case: Lessons Learned and Areas for Improvement

Introduction

The West Memphis Three (WM3) case, as depicted in the Paradise Lost documentary, has raised significant concerns regarding the investigation and trial procedures employed. This essay aims to evaluate the procedures used in the WM3 case, focusing on cognitive biases, interrogation procedures, confessions, eyewitness testimony, and other relevant factors. By analyzing these aspects, we can identify both strengths and weaknesses and draw important lessons for improving investigative and trial practices.

Cognitive Biases

The WM3 case highlighted the influence of cognitive biases on the investigation and trial. Confirmation bias, for instance, seemed to lead investigators to focus on the WM3 as suspects early on, overlooking other potential leads or suspects. This bias may have hindered a thorough examination of all available evidence and alternative hypotheses, potentially leading to a tunnel vision approach that compromised objectivity.

Interrogation Procedures

The documentary raised concerns about the interrogation procedures employed in the WM3 case. Coerced confessions, especially in the case of Jessie Misskelley Jr., were obtained using aggressive and leading techniques. The use of lengthy interrogations, fatigue, and suggestive questioning may have influenced the accuracy of the statements provided, raising questions about the reliability of the confessions and the potential for false admissions.

Confessions

The WM3 case revealed significant issues related to the reliability and admissibility of confessions. The confessions, particularly Jessie Misskelley Jr.’s, were inconsistent with the physical evidence and lacked corroborating details. The potential impact of cognitive impairments and vulnerability on the accuracy of confessions must also be carefully considered, especially in cases involving individuals with intellectual disabilities.

Eyewitness Testimony

Eyewitness testimony played a significant role in the WM3 case. However, research has shown that eyewitness identification can be susceptible to memory distortion, suggestive procedures, and biases. The reliability of eyewitness testimony in the case should have been scrutinized more rigorously, taking into account factors such as suggestibility, cross-racial identification, and potential bias resulting from media coverage.

Lessons Learned and Areas for Improvement

The WM3 case underscores the need for reforms in investigative and trial procedures. Best practices should include comprehensive training for law enforcement personnel on cognitive biases, interrogation techniques, and the identification of false confessions. Adopting evidence-based practices, such as the use of sequential lineups, blind administration, and cautionary instructions, can help mitigate the risks associated with eyewitness testimony. Additionally, enhancing the scrutiny of forensic evidence, engaging independent experts, and promoting a culture of transparency and accountability are crucial for ensuring a fair trial.

Conclusion

The investigation and trial procedures in the WM3 case demonstrated significant shortcomings, highlighting the potential for cognitive biases, flawed interrogation techniques, unreliable confessions, and questionable eyewitness testimony to impact the outcome of a trial. Addressing these issues requires ongoing reform efforts that prioritize evidence-based practices, training, and enhanced oversight. By learning from the mistakes made in the WM3 case, the criminal justice system can strive to ensure fairness, accuracy, and justice in future investigations and trials.