. Below is a summary of a nursing study. Read the summary and then answer the factual questions that follow: Brink studied the effect of postural change on cardiovascular reactivity for a sample of healthy white and African American men and women. Change in systolic blood pressure {SBP} from supine to standing position was used as the measure of cardiac reactivity in a sample of 342 adults. Supine measurement of blood pressure was taken afler participants had lain on an examination table for 15 minutes. Blood pressure was measured five times every 2 minutes using a preset automated blood pressure monitor, and the five measurements were averaged. Participants then stood up, and an additional five measurements were nlade over another 11]— minute period and then averaged. Below is a table describing the characteristics of Brink’s sample. {lfl pts] Table 1: Characteristics of the Study Sample {N = 342] ." SD ME 434 -—__-l Race"ethnicity “White. not Hispamc Afiican American Smoking status Nonsmolcer Currently smokes El pack-"day 91 Currently smokes 1+ packs-"day 53 __ 34-? (4-3) Isl-3&3 a. Name two readable and their measures of central tendency presented in this tabled-I b. Name two variables and their measures of variability are presented in this Table?
In a study conducted by Brink, the impact of postural change on cardiovascular reactivity was investigated among a diverse sample of healthy individuals encompassing white and African American men and women. The focal point of the study was the alteration in systolic blood pressure (SBP) upon transitioning from a supine to a standing position, which was employed as an indicator of cardiac reactivity. This research involved 342 adults as participants, and the assessment was conducted with meticulous attention to detail.
Supine blood pressure readings were obtained after participants had reclined on an examination table for a duration of 15 minutes, ensuring a stabilized baseline. Employing an automated blood pressure monitor programmed for consistency, blood pressure was measured in sets of five readings at two-minute intervals. These sequential measurements were then averaged, rendering a comprehensive perspective of the participants’ baseline blood pressure values.
The subsequent phase involved the participants transitioning from the supine to the standing position. Over an interval of 11 minutes, five additional blood pressure measurements were meticulously captured at set intervals, mirroring the methodology used during the supine phase. These measurements were subsequently averaged, facilitating an accurate assessment of the cardiovascular reactivity when altering posture.
Measures of Central Tendency
1. The table provides information on the participants’ race/ethnicity. The central tendency measures included are the mean and standard deviation.
2. Additionally, the table highlights the smoking status of the participants. The mean and standard deviation are presented as measures of central tendency in this context.
Measures of Variability
1. The variable “SBP change from supine to standing position” pertains to cardiovascular reactivity. In the table, the standard error (SE) is a measure of variability for this variable.
2. Furthermore, the variable “Age” serves as a demographic factor. The standard deviation (SD) is used as a measure of variability for this particular variable.
In conclusion, Brink’s study offers valuable insights into the cardiovascular reactivity experienced during changes in posture among healthy individuals. By carefully examining the central tendency measures and variability indices presented in the table, the study contributes to a deeper understanding of the research outcomes and the characteristics of the sample population under investigation.
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