Worldview Analysis and Personal Inventory

Based on the required topic study materials, write a reflection about worldview and respond to following:

1. In 250-300 words, explain the Christian perspective of the nature of spirituality and ethics in contrast to the perspective of postmodern relativism within health care.
2. In 250-300 words, explain what scientismis and describe two of the main arguments against it.
3. In 750-1,000 words, answer each of the worldview questions according to your own personal perspective and worldview:
   1. What is ultimate reality?
   2. What is the nature of the universe?
   3. What is a human being?
   4. What is knowledge?
   5. What is your basis of ethics?
   6. What is the purpose of your existence?

Remember to support your reflection with the topic study materials.

While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

ANSWER

In 250-300 words, explain the Christian perspective of the nature of spirituality and ethics in contrast to the perspective of postmodern relativism within health care.

Healthcare and spirituality go hand in hand. Most hospitals are either sponsored or owned by Christian-related communities. According to research, medical values are impacted positively by spiritual disciplines. God is taken to be the eternal and supernatural being who sits above everything and everyone. The Christian belief system ensures that while human beings make choices about life, spirituality makes sure that the choices made are in line with God’s guidance. From this, we can conclude that spirituality promotes moral living. From the healthcare perspective, our ethics are informed by Christian spirituality, whereas spiritual care upon the patients guides them in making informed decisions related to their treatment.

Christianity spirituality exists in healthcare and nursing because of the current ideas of postmodernism relativism. Postmodern relativism rejects the role of reason, the rationality in science, and the proclamations of knowledge. This perspective does not leave room for pluralism, thus works to subdue spiritualism. According to postmodernism relativism, there is no absolute truth. God’s existence is considered ambiguous because His existence is also a possibility; He may or may not exist. On the other hand, according to ethics, the perspective of postmodernism relativism agrees that ethical arguments that contrast could be valid or invalid with a lack of absolute truth. This means that no argument should be dismissed because of its contradictory nature. Postmodern relativism’s perspective comes out as useful to healthcare because it accepts diversity and supports multicultural care delivery. It creates awareness to the healthcare providers that the truth about ethics and spirituality is not a monopoly. Further, from this perspective, obscure cultures are not ignored.

In 250-300 words, explain what scientism is and describe two of the main arguments against it.

Scientism argues that the only accurate source of absolute truth and reliable knowledge are hard sciences. Hard sciences are identified by scientism as the subjects that rely on laws of nature and experimentation to include biology and physics. The results of these hard sciences are considered reliable because they rely on replicable, testable, and factual data. For this matter, hard sciences are placed to offer scientific knowledge that is considered superior. On the other hand, soft sciences are considered inferior to hard sciences because they rely on subjectivism. They are considered pseudosciences that present conjectures and guesses. Hard sciences are known to offer more valuable information and are considered to possess greater intellectual authority than soft sciences.

However, there are two major arguments presented against scientism. The first argument is that hard sciences do not offer absolute truth nor facts. This is because hard sciences are restructured by the present understanding of measuring instruments and the environment. As new information is presented, the things that were previously considered absolute truths are not subject to change. Generally, this implies that information presented by both hard and soft sciences is subject to change with time. The second argument presented is that hard sciences have embraced tyrannical approaches that highly rely on rationalism. These approaches have been observed to disregard personal opinion, thus suppressing willful thought. Willful thought is essential for advancing science and discovering new information. Contrary to this, soft science has been noted to embrace approaches that gave room for willful thought.

In 750-1,000 words, answer each of the worldview questions according to your own personal perspective and worldview:

What is ultimate reality?

Ultimate reality can be defined as the belief that everybody is a product of nature, and how they turn out in life as a person is determined by their interactions with the environment. My behaviors, mannerisms, and values have all been influenced by my neighborhood, family, and other environmental factors. For instance, I have been brought up in a religious family, more so a Muslim setting. For this matter, I take polygamy as a normal practice because, in pour culture, a man can marry up to four women. If I were a Christian, I would accept the act of polygamy less. From this, ultimate reality focuses on how experience influences decision making and perceptions of life.

What is the nature of the universe?

The nature of the universe is experiencing constant change where time is the most basic change experienced. The change felt on the universe is driven by energy. However, the degree and direction of the change are determined by extinction, evolution, competition, and conversion of energy. Extinction involves doing away with components that are not able to take part in th competition. Competition, in this case, involves the fight to attain the scarce energy resources. Evolution involves adjusting to the environmental changes that give room for a better fit. Finally, energy conversion involves the alterations between the various forms of energy, which begin when plants capture solar energy.

What is a human being?

A human being can be defined from the religious point of view as being created by God. Following the Christian story, human beings were created by God in his own likeliness. After creation, human beings were given the responsibility of looking after the other creations and abiding by the Ten Commandments. On top of that, the human being was ordered to procreate and fill the earth. The other definition of a human being is from a biological perspective. It defines a human being as a product of evolution. They are said to have adapted selectively to develop high thought processes. The higher thought processes have enabled them to bend the environment to suit their needs. Due to these higher thoughts, human beings are able to develop their languages and technology thus, they are able to use their environment past their physical capabilities.

What is knowledge?

Knowledge is the information, skills, and set of facts that one acquires from either learning from experience or education. There are four known sources of knowledge; these are memory, consciousness, reason and perception. Basic sources of knowledge are capable of yielding knowledge without having to rely on another source. Knowledge acquired from experience involves practicing to familiarize, while education requires attending informal or formal processes to gather theoretical knowledge. Individuals who have knowledge in various fields are restricted to have capacity thought processes only in that field. For example, individuals who have knowledge in medicine are capable of diagnosing and offering treatment while those knowledgeable in automotive engineering are capable of starting a dead car.

What is your basis of ethics?

From my point of view, ethics is based on two concepts. First is the set of beliefs, awareness, and personal opinions about what is morally right or wrong. However, again, what is right and wrong will differ in different people depending on what they have picked up from their environment. For instance, I believe that stealing is wrong, and everybody should work to earn their dues. I would still find it very difficult to steal even with the laws bent, and my environment changed. The other concept would be public principles and beliefs. In most cases, my personal beliefs and opinions may not be the same as the public beliefs or principals. For instance, I am expected to abide by the rules and regulations set by the public regardless of what my personal opinion says.

What is the purpose of your existence?

My life purpose consists of the factors that add up to the reasons I wake up in the morning. My purpose in life influences my behaviors, shape goals and dictate decision making. From my religious studies, my primary purpose of existence should be to procreate and feel the earth. This involves going through the rites of passage as required, from getting married to having children and providing for my family. Apart from taking care of my family, my other responsibility should be looking after the environment. Looking after the environment will ensure the future generations do not suffer unfavorable climatic conditions. I believe it is my purpose to make this world a better place by whatever small contributions I add. Living in the society is possible when there is a sense of harmony and peace. They key to successful life is peaceful coexistence and it is the responsibility of human being to create a peaceful environment for one another.

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